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中文
简介
本章节涵盖如何使用高位灌肠。有关便秘的更多信息,请参阅“便秘”一节。
如何使用高位灌肠剂
高位灌肠适应症
直肠扩张或“膨胀” – 靠近直肠处有粪便淤积
禁忌症
中性粒细胞减少症,血小板减少症
直肠出血
肛门肿瘤
完全性肠梗阻
准备工作
必备用具
未经消毒的检查手套
围裙
水溶性润滑剂
防护片
Foley导管(规格14-16)
灌肠剂
清洁袋
湿纸巾
便盆或便桶
操作流程
核实病人的身份并向病人解释流程及其目的
确保患者的隐私
让患者侧卧左边,双腿弯曲
将防护片放置在患者的髋部和臀部下
消毒双手并戴上手套
用润滑剂润滑Foley导管的尖端
用灌肠剂注入导管
用非惯用手分开患者臀部
轻轻地将润滑导管插入直肠,直到感觉到阻力。 如果感觉到阻力,不要继续推进。
指导患者在导管插入过程中作深呼吸
缓缓灌注灌肠液,直到空瓶,然后取出导管
鼓励患者尽可能长时间留住灌肠剂,或是直到出现要排便的强烈感觉
清洁会阴部位
协助病人穿衣并在舒适的位置休息
如果病人失禁/不能保留灌肠剂,提供便盆/便桶或让患者使用尿片。
跟进
注意灌肠的结果:颜色,数量,大便的型态。
演示视频
感谢
新加坡国立癌症中心(National Cancer Centre, Singapore )
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