COVID-19
APPLY
Courses
Careers
GIVING
DIRECTORY
ALUMNI
LOGIN
Login to
Staff Portal
Login to
Learning Portal
Search
Menu
Return to Duke-NUS Home
About
Toggle About sub menu
Education
Toggle Education sub menu
Research
Toggle Research sub menu
Resources
Toggle Resources sub menu
Grants
Toggle Grants sub menu
News & Events
Symptom Management
Back
Our Impact
Team & Partners
Contact Us
Assisi-LCPC Palliative Care Course for Nurses
BooST ICU: Boosting Supportive Care Training for the ICUs
Cardiac Supportive Care Course
Common Serious Neurological Conditions 101
COMPASS: Compassionate Primary Palliative and Supportive Care for Serious Illness
EMPOWER: Palliative Care Course for Emergency Department
Graduate Certificate in Psychosocial Leadership and Practice in Serious Illness
Postgraduate Course in Palliative Medicine for Doctors (LCPC-SHC)
LCPC-Assisi Palliative Care Course for Therapists
Professional Certificate in Palliative Care for Social Workers
Renal Supportive Care Course
Serious Illness Conversations Workshop
SPLICES Online: Serious Illness and Palliative Care Education in Surgery
Serious Illness Communication & Decision Making
New Models of Care Delivery
Empowering Caregivers
Measuring Care Quality and Experience
Publications
SG-Pall-電子書
LCPC Tools
我的肾脏
Evidence for Policy and Practice
Education Incubator
Research Incubator
Back
Delphi Study on Objectives, Outcomes, and Consensus-based Definition for ACP Interventions
Implementation of SIC Program
My Voice (Cancer)
My Voice (Heart)
My Voice (Kidney)
National Evaluation of ACP 3.0
CONCORD
ENABLE-SG
ONCORDANCE
Palliative Care Health Coaching for Heart Failure Patients and their Caregivers
TIER with Heart Failure Patients
CareBuddy
Feeding Decision Aid
APAC Ageing and Caregiving Survey
APPROACH-2
Delphi Study on Quality of Care for Individuals with Dementia in Asia
Global Delphi Study on Consensus-based Indicators for Quality of End-of-Life Care
Paediatric Healthcare Worker Burnout and Empathic Distress Fatigue
QCPAI 2.0
QCPAI-Africa
QCPAI-APAC
Nursing Home Care Quality
PRECIOUS
QCPAI
SCQOLS
SICG
肾衰竭
治疗选择
选择治疗方法
给看护者的建议
视频
有关 myKIDNEY
Optimising Outpatient Follow-Up to Reduce 30-day Hospital Readmissions
End Of Life Utilisation And Costs Palliative Care Advanced Cancer
Rethinking Advance Care Planning
癫痫发作(Seizures)
SG-Pall-電子書
SG Pall電子書
慈怀疗护中的紧急情况
癫痫发作(Seizures)
EN
中文
简介
癫痫是由于大脑异常的电传导导致暂时性神经系统症状突然发作的结果。
持续超过30分钟的癫痫发作活动被称为“癫痫持续状态”。
有惊厥性和非惊厥性癫痫发作。
惊厥性癫痫可能会令家人感到非常痛苦。
应对方法
在慈怀疗护的背景下,癫痫发作的常见原因包括:
脑病理学 - 原发性或转移性脑瘤,疤痕性癫痫,中风
代谢异常 - 肝性脑病,低血糖,尿毒症,低钠血症
药物相关 - 酒精戒断症候群
一般措施
旨在终止和预防癫痫发作
纠正可逆转原因(如适用)
停用可降低癫痫阈值的药物(如亚胺培南 Imipenem,先锋霉素族抗菌素 Cephalosporins,氟哌啶醇 Haloperidol)。
保持镇静,安抚病人和家属
可以让家庭成员“在外等待”并加以安抚直到局势得到控制。
让患者采取侧卧位
如有,提供氧气和抽吸器
除非有明显的呼吸窘迫,一般不需要口咽气道插管。
考虑长期使用抗癫痫药(如左乙拉西坦 Levetiracetam(Keppra),苯妥英Phenytoin)
如果根本原因是脑肿瘤,特别是脑水肿,服用地塞米松 Dexamethasone(16-24mg /天)。
如果癫痫发作持续2分钟以上,应开始进行药物措施。
癫痫如果在家中发作,则应进行以下药物措施,并酌情考虑住院或入住慈怀疗护机构。
药物措施
如有,可给地西泮(Diazepam)直肠剂10mg
可每15分钟注射咪达唑仑(Midazolam) 1-2.5mg,直到癫痫停止发作。
如果癫痫持续发作,可以开始持续注射(静脉/ 皮下)咪达唑仑(midazolam)(范围从0.5-3mg /每小时开始),或考虑静脉注射抗癫痫药(例如苯妥英Phenytoin,左乙拉西坦levetiracetam或苯巴比妥Phenobarbitone)
对于持续性癫痫发作,应考虑紧急转诊给神经科医师或专科慈怀疗护团队
参考资料
Droney J, Hall E. Status Epilepticus in a Hospice Inpatient Setting.
J Pain Symptom Manage.
2008;36(1):97–105.
Golf M, Paice JA, Feulner E, O'Leary C, Marcotte S, Mulcahy M; Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Palliat Med.
2004;7(1):85–88.
Twycross R, Wilcock A, Howard P, eds.
Palliative Care Formulary.
5TH ed. Nottingham, UK: palliativedrugs.com Ltd; 2014.
Browser not supported
Modern websites need modern browsers
To enjoy the full experience, please upgrade your browser
Try this browser