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Assisi-LCPC Palliative Care Course for Nurses
BooST ICU: Boosting Supportive Care Training for the ICUs
Cardiac Supportive Care Course
Common Serious Neurological Conditions 101
COMPASS: Compassionate Primary Palliative and Supportive Care for Serious Illness
EMPOWER: Palliative Care Course for Emergency Department
Graduate Certificate in Psychosocial Leadership and Practice in Serious Illness
Postgraduate Course in Palliative Medicine for Doctors (LCPC-SHC)
LCPC-Assisi Palliative Care Course for Therapists
Professional Certificate in Palliative Care for Social Workers
Renal Supportive Care Course
Serious Illness Conversations Workshop
SPLICES Online: Serious Illness and Palliative Care Education in Surgery
Serious Illness Communication & Decision Making
New Models of Care Delivery
Empowering Caregivers
Measuring Care Quality and Experience
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SG-Pall-電子書
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我的肾脏
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Delphi Study on Objectives, Outcomes, and Consensus-based Definition for ACP Interventions
Implementation of SIC Program
My Voice (Cancer)
My Voice (Heart)
My Voice (Kidney)
National Evaluation of ACP 3.0
CONCORD
ENABLE-SG
ONCORDANCE
Palliative Care Health Coaching for Heart Failure Patients and their Caregivers
TIER with Heart Failure Patients
CareBuddy
Feeding Decision Aid
APAC Ageing and Caregiving Survey
APPROACH-2
Delphi Study on Quality of Care for Individuals with Dementia in Asia
Global Delphi Study on Consensus-based Indicators for Quality of End-of-Life Care
Paediatric Healthcare Worker Burnout and Empathic Distress Fatigue
QCPAI 2.0
QCPAI-Africa
QCPAI-APAC
Nursing Home Care Quality
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选择治疗方法
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Optimising Outpatient Follow-Up to Reduce 30-day Hospital Readmissions
End Of Life Utilisation And Costs Palliative Care Advanced Cancer
Rethinking Advance Care Planning
上腔静脉梗阻(SVCO)
SG-Pall-電子書
SG Pall電子書
慈怀疗护中的紧急情况
上腔静脉梗阻(SVCO)
EN
中文
简介
上腔静脉梗阻是上腔静脉的血流阻塞。
大多数上腔静脉梗阻是由原发性或继发性肺部肿瘤引起的。
多数患者的症状是隐袭性的而非急性发作。
如果上腔静脉梗阻发病迅速,可能会危及生命。
一般来说,如果对上腔静脉梗阻进行适当的治疗,患者病情的预后是其癌症的预后。
应对方法
症状
迹象
呼吸困难
呼吸急促
头痛
结膜水肿
视觉变化
眼眶周围水肿
头晕
发绀
感受到头部和脸部的压力
颈静脉扩张和手臂及胸部的侧支静脉曲张
视神经乳头水肿(后期迹象)
检查
胸部CT:
判断静脉阻塞的程度
确定上腔静脉梗阻的原因
应对方法
如果患者出现急性症状并伴有喘鸣音,可能是气管压迫所致,需要进行紧急气管切开术
即时治疗
让病人坐直
如果没有禁忌症,使用100%的氧气
每天两次,每次静脉注射地塞米松 Dexamethasone 8mg
进一步治疗
血管内支架(症状约在〜48小时内减轻)
放射治疗(可能需要几周才能看到最终的效果)
如果患者患有对化疗非常敏感的肿瘤 (如小细胞肺癌,淋巴瘤,生殖细胞肿瘤),化疗通常作为一线治疗
参考资料
Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC, Yahalom J. Clinical practice. Superior vena cava syndrome with malignant causes.
N Engl J Med.
2007;356(18):1862–1869.
Abner A. Approach to the patient who presents with superior vena cava obstruction.
Chest.
1993;103(4 Suppl):394S–397S.
National Collaborating Centre for Cancer (UK).
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer (Update)
. Cardiff, UK: National Collaborating Centre for Cancer (UK); 2011. NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 121.
Emergencies in Palliative Medicine: Superior Vena Cava Obstruction. In Watson M, 2ND ed.
Oxford Handbook of Palliative Care.
Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press; 2009:917–928.
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